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The main variety of Lavender cultivated
in Provence is in fact not Lavender at all, but a sterile hybrid
plant called Lavandin.
Lavandin is very rare in the wild and
results from the cross-pollinization of True French Lavender ( Lavandula
angustifolia ) and Spike Lavender ( Lavandula latifolia ). This
rarity is because both True Lavender and Spike Lavender grow in
distinct territories with little overlap - spike lavender is
sensitive to cold temperatures and is unable to survive above 600 metres
or so, whereas true lavender is comfortable above 500 metres and
up to 1,500 metres. This only gives a region between 500 and 600 metres
where both plants can grow and the opportunity for Lavandin to occur.
In all of the years we have
been travelling to Provence we have never been able to find the "
Holy Trinity":- True Lavender, Spike Lavender and
Lavandin growing together in the wild. That is until one day last June
when Jim was journeying about the countryside looking for wild
aromatic plants, sniffing out chemo-types and generally poking about. He
did a triple take as there before him was what was obviously a very
healthy looking Lavandin plant growing happily in the wild. It could only
be there as the result of natural cross-pollination because Lavandin
can only be propagated by cuttings. So with great anticipation the
search was on.
Soon there it was, both parent plants, True Lavender and Spike
Lavender growing inches apart with several Lavandin plants in
view. The French people in the house nearby must have wondered about
this guy yelling yahoo and running around madly photographing grass!
A gentleman by the name of
Monsieur Grosso also came upon Lavandin in the wild but many years ago and
discovered that it produced 4 to 6 times the essential oil of True
Lavender, though not of the same high quality required for perfumery
or aromatherapy. However, since the majority of the Lavender farmer's
customers were only interested in having a Lavender-like smell in their
soaps and detergents etc. most farmers decided to adopt this new plant as
their crop of choice.
Today thanks to the process
of propagation, Lavandin Grosso accounts for 80% of the
"Lavender" crop grown in Provence - each plant the
direct clone of that original wild Lavandin plant.
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